The advantages of cast iron and cast steel structures are good processability, easy to obtain complex inner and outer contours, good strength, stiffness, and vibration resistance, as well as good stability and reliability. The disadvantages are long cycle time, high energy consumption, and high cost of single piece manufacturing.

Aluminum casting is a process of preparing pure aluminum or aluminum alloy ingots according to standard composition ratios, manually heating them to become aluminum alloy liquid or molten state, then pouring the aluminum liquid or molten state into the mold cavity through professional molds or corresponding processes, and cooling them to form the desired shape of aluminum parts. Considering factors such as economy and functionality, the current casting material is generally made of cast aluminum material ZL104, which is beneficial for reducing weight. Adding a large amount of lead to the casting can greatly reduce the stiffness of the bottom plate and damage the surface quality. Therefore, aluminum alloy materials must be calibrated and tested according to the elements specified in the national standard grade, so attention should be paid when purchasing.

When designing the structure of the cast aluminum bottom plate, attention should be paid to strengthening the reinforcement layout and reasonable allocation of related dimensions. Rib plates with a thickness greater than 10mm but less than 20mm are more suitable. If the rib plate is too thick, it is easy to cause tissue looseness and strength reduction; When the rib plate is cast too thin, it is easy to cause overall deformation. Process control is crucial in aluminum alloy casting, especially in the treatment of the working surface. The working surface should be placed at the bottom of the sand mold, and cold iron should also be placed in the sand pit to obtain a dense internal structure (local cooling will accelerate the formation rate of the structure). The design of the sprue and riser needs to consider factors such as the flow direction, angle, and size of the sprue. While considering the flow direction of the metal, the sprue and riser also need to pay attention to the requirements of filling and shrinking.

Technical requirements for cast aluminum base plates:

1) Undeclared rounded corner R3-R5

2) The product must not have defects such as slag inclusion, porosity, shrinkage, cracks, slag holes, etc. that affect the strength and appearance of the parts

3) The base must have sufficient strength

4) The bottom plate needs to undergo failure treatment to eliminate internal stress caused by rapid cooling and uneven wall thickness in the casting, and maintain stable size and performance of the bottom plate in working condition. The mechanical and tensile properties of the bottom plate after aging treatment will be greatly improved,

4. Aluminum alloy base

Profile, as a convenient and low-cost raw material, is widely used in structural design. Profile is a material with certain stiffness and toughness, which is made by rolling, extrusion casting and other processes and has a certain geometric shape. The characteristic of profiles is their light weight, which allows for minimal or no processing, allowing for the full utilization of raw materials. The use of profiles is one of the main ways to improve material utilization and reduce costs.